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This Essay is a critical reflection on the impact of the digital revolution and the internet on three topics that shape the contemporary world: democracy, social media, and freedom of expression.

The overwhelming majority of digital and physical attacks on journalists are done with impunity. The international human rights law concept of transitional justice could bolster collective will and inform legal mechanisms to combat such impunity.

Relying on a comparison between the cases of Brazil and the U.S. (both facing recent democratic erosion), this Essay shows how Brazilian courts responded to challenges to democracy and how, in the U.S., content moderation generally depends on private actors.

The EU’s latest regulation of social media platforms—the Digital Services Act (DSA)—will create tension and conflict with the U.S. speech regime applicable to social media platforms. The DSA, like prior EU regulations of social media platforms, will further instantiate the Brussels Effect, whereby EU regulators wield powerful influence on how social media platforms moderate content on the global scale.

This Essay discusses the Digital Services Act, the new regulation enacted by the EU to combat hate speech and misinformation online, focusing on the major challenges its application will entail.

The WGAD can serve as a critical forum for protecting free expression—particularly for individuals whose free expression rights may be violated by states not parties to the ICCPR or its Optional Protocol I. This Essay describes the contributions of the WGAD’s recent free speech jurisprudence to the understanding of protected free expression in international law.

Since the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled in Google Spain in 2014, the global legal discourse on the “right to be forgotten” (RTBF) has accelerated the RTBF’s establishment as a right to informational privacy. But international courts have varied in their interpretations and applications of the RTBF, with some embracing it and others being wary of balancing the right with freedom of expression.

This Comment analyzes the range of ways that constitutions tend to incorporate human rights. It argues that the success of the method of incorporation of human rights conventions into constitutions does not produce the results one would expect, but hinges on whether the construction is able to strike a balance between ensuring that the judiciary implements international human rights standards while still leaving the judiciary with meaningful independence and agency.

Family influencer and parent-facilitated child influencer content has gained popularity and many parents are making significant money by sharing content featuring their children. This Comment assesses the potential dangers that arise from sharing a child’s personal information on a public forum and how the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) can be utilized to protect the children of family influencers from exploitation on social media.